My analytical research paper will be on the one of the biggest problems faced in America which is police brutality. Police brutality has been seen and reported more over the past 30 years. One of the worst incidents regarding police brutality was the beating of Rodney King. This took place in 1991 and we are still seeing horrible cases of police brutality today. One article I will be using is “The Black Lives Matter movement, crime and police brutality: Comparative study of New York Post and New York Daily News.” Written by Brian Chama. This can be found at http://lehman.ezproxy.cuny.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=138792432&site=ehost-live This article takes a deep dive into police brutality incidents including the killing of Jason Van Dyke. This article provides evidence and statistics of police brutality to support my claim. Another article I will use to strengthen my research paper is “Impact of Police Violence on Mental Health: A Theoretical Framework.” written by Jordan DeVylder, Lisa Fedina, and Bruce Link. It can be found at http://lehman.ezproxy.cuny.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=146319258&site=ehost-live. This article brings an analysis into the impact police brutality has on public health. In this article we see the negative results police brutality causes to communities in America. The final article I will be citing in my analytical research paper is “A FEW BAD APPLES.” written by Sarah Wise. It can be found at http://lehman.ezproxy.cuny.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=144464700&site=ehost-live This article helps bring attention to the corruption of some police in Great Britain. This article shows how prevalent police brutality has become to the point that it has grown noticeably outside of the United States.

For my first article it discusses the war on the improvised places within the United States. It states that the United States is the richest nation in the world and yet somehow manages to be the second poorest in the war as well. It takes a look at the root causes of the poverty level and what can be done to fix this social and economical issue within the United States. It also takes into account the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic towards the American people and towards low-income workers and how it impacted their lives as a whole. The cost of healthcare has increased and the cost of childcare as well is not climbing down by any means in the future, if anything it is still rising. The article points out that the income level of an household has a direct correlation towards one’s use of drugs and healthcare. This article is relevant to due the fact that it talks about the root cause poverty in the United States of America.

http://web.a.ebscohost.com.lehman.ezproxy.cuny.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=0&sid=06ccfb65-1439-4a44-a6b7-232a9acc409b%40sessionmgr4008&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#

My second article talks about the rate of poverty relative to certain people specifically children. My article states that nearly every One in Five Children are improvised within the United States of America which roughly adds out to about fifteen million children in the whole nation by itself. The article goes on to talk about how the poor class of the nation are poor mainly due to the fact of their own thinking and their own fault seeming that it is their own problem as to why they are poor when this may not be the case in other people’s scenarios. The article also goes on and talks about how child poverty’s is too sufferable and should not be ignored as the income level of a child’s home takes a great effect on their life. The article explains the negative damage and the cognitive and also emotional damage that is brought about when it comes to child poverty. This article is relevant to due the fact that it talks about the root cause in child poverty.

http://web.a.ebscohost.com.lehman.ezproxy.cuny.edu/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=8&sid=ec5b9f1a-e8af-4dd6-88b0-dae8ef278220%40sessionmgr4006

My third and final article talks about the life long effects of poverty and how it can cause serious long term damage to a persons individual life and education is a large factor as to how a person goes throughout life, while being improvised. The effects of poverty carry life long emotional and cognitive damages that can hinder a persons way of life and can cause some serious long term damages to a person and can be very  difficult in order to combat. Poverty can also take a toll on the child’s learning and what can happen when it is not addressed in society. There is evidence that the socioeconomic background of a person plays a huge role in how the education level of that person takes into place. This article is relevant to my topic in that it talks about the effects poverty has on education in America.

http://web.b.ebscohost.com.lehman.ezproxy.cuny.edu/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=11&sid=d117cd8a-b717-4382-bcbb-1aa550637d9a%40pdc-v-sessmgr04

Article: In Netflix’s Central Park Five miniseries, Trump is called a ‘bigot’ whose ’15 minutes’ are almost up

This article talks about Donald Trump’s involvement in the Central Park Five case. When the case had initially presented itself in 1989, Trump had paid $85,000 to have the crime placed on four different newspapers on a full page. He made it clear that he had wanted the death penalty to come back so that the young boys would face justice, even though they were not the ones who committed the crime and were not even tried in a court of law. Trump’s ads and newspaper article during this time worsened the situation on the Central Park Five case and increased the amount of racism the young boys were already facing. This is relevant to the topic I have chosen because it shows how Donald Trump had played a huge role in the way the Central Park Five were viewed by the public. He had an effect on the way the media viewed the boys, which negatively impacted their families as well.

Source: Butler, Bethonie. “In Netflix’s Central Park Five miniseries, Trump is called a ‘bigot’ whose ’15 minutes’ are almost up.” Washington Post, 31 May 2019. Gale Academic OneFile, https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A587302053/AONE?u=lehman_main&sid=AONE&xid=48798fad. Accessed 17 Nov. 2020.

Article: Central Park Five reality: How can you forget the real truth-tellers of the Central Park Five?

This article further talks about the way in which the media portrayed the Central Park Five. The article mentions how Donald Trump was the person who brought out the idea of the death penalty to have “justice” be served. It also mentions how the term, “wilding”, originated from the case. This term was used as a way to describe the actions of all of the young men who were at Central Park during the time the white woman was raped and murdered. Additionally, this article also mentions those who believed and knew the boys were innocent of the crime. The Black press and activists of that time all believed that the young boys were being coerced and attacked by the police due to their race. This article is also relevant to my topic because it mentions those who were against the boys and who believed in them. It also gives more background information about the case.

Source: “Central Park Five reality: How can you forget the real truth-tellers of the Central Park Five?” New Pittsburgh Courier [Pittsburgh, PA], 3 July 2019, p. B3. Gale OneFile: News, https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A594664853/STND?u=lehman_main&sid=STND&xid=ebe44e97. Accessed 17 Nov. 2020.

Article: Transforming the Central Park jogger into the Central Park Five: Shifting narratives of innocence and changing media discourse in the attack on the Central Park jogger, 1989–2014

This article analyzes the way in which the media, especially The New York Times, decided to portray the Central Park Five case. It explores how the media had portrayed the case from the beginning and how this portrayal changed over time. This article shows how the Central Park Five case received a lot of attention in comparison to other cases and crimes that were taking place during that time. It shows how the media preferred to release news that would be “shocking” to society. This article is relevant to my topic because it further shows the media’s portrayal of the case and how the media functions in general. Despite the severity of the case, the media released many articles on the Central Park Five without focusing on the fact that the boys were coerced and were innocent.

Source: Stratton, Greg. “Transforming the Central Park Jogger into the Central Park Five: Shifting Narratives of Innocence and Changing Media Discourse in the Attack on the Central Park Jogger, 1989–2014.” Crime, Media, Culture, vol. 11, no. 3, Dec. 2015, pp. 281–297, doi:10.1177/1741659015592794.

Talk Show – The article I chose to support this song from the album is “Infidelity in romantic relationships.”. Authors Frank D Fincham and Ross W May spoke on the definition of infidelity as well as discussing which gender would be more likely to fall, the victim. The discussion went on to mention the impact it leaves on couples. One of these factors is linked to the low usage of condoms with the person outside of the relationship. The characters Jhene and Big Sean play are put onto a TV show where they discuss their relationship. It soon becomes evident that their relationship isn’t as perfect as depicted. Jhene goes on to explain how her partner, played by Big Sean, had just cheated in the days before. This was despite just having had described how perfect he thought she was. Big Sean then went on his rant where he wished Jhene’s character had come forward on the affair before their decision to not use protection during their intimate moments.

{ https://www-sciencedirect-com.lehman.ezproxy.cuny.edu/science/article/pii/S2352250X16300227?via%3Dihub  }

Déjà Vu- The article I found was “Is Imagination of the Infidelity More Painful than Actual Infidelity?”. Authors Farid Pazhoohi, Catia Silva, Luís Pereira, Marco Oliveira, Paulo Santana, and Rui Rodrigues had all contributed to the article by explaining the results of an experiment involving the topic of infidelity. In the experiment, they find answers to the harm done when comparing actual infidelity to imaginative infidelity. They also dove into deciding who had felt more betrayal when it came down to gender, men or women. This article continues the conversation of cheating on your partner. As each individual goes up for their award, the other draws the attention of another in the room. The director for the overall music video gives clear evidence of distrust between the couple by giving visuals that represent anger towards the other; which is usually a change of eye color to red. The video then cuts to either Big Sean or Jhene being with someone else and back to the original setting. Although imaginative, the imaginative aspect of infidelity still fractured their relationship.

{ https://go-gale-com.lehman.ezproxy.cuny.edu/ps/i.do?p=AONE&u=lehman_main&id=GALE%7CA582798169&v=2.1&it=r }

London Bridge – For this song, I chose to connect it to the article, “Influence of Lack of Trust on Romantic Relationship Problems: The Mediating Role of Partner Cell Phone Snooping.” The authors were able to discuss the result of the lack of trust between a couple and other possible results. The overall article is bringing attention to the long term effect “lack of trust” and “emotional instability” would leave on a couple.

They had originally linked it to the idea of snooping through your partner’s phone and the risk of doing so. This connects to the song “London Bridge” with the fact both characters can leave but choose not to. This is a factor referred to as emotional instability. Jhene sings the final song on the album, to sum up, the story-telling plot. Through thick and thin, they are unsure as to where the relationship would end up next. This is the element of toxic yet it works out beautifully where they still loved each other at the end of the visual portion.

{ https://journals-sagepub-com.lehman.ezproxy.cuny.edu/doi/pdf/10.1177/0033294119899902

The first scholarly article I will be using is “Child abuse and neglect in a rapidly developing country: Parents’ perspectives”. This article talks about how children of young age are being neglected and abused in the developing countries. Children at very young age might be abused by so many people, be it strangers, adult friends or even close relatives. The abuse can be physical or even sexual. These abuse are brought about because of so many reasons for example low socioeconomic status, single parent, domestic violence, parental inadequate coping skills, parental stress and low education level, and child’s medical condition. All these reasons are major factors whereby kids end end up being abused and neglected. Laws should be enforced highly on those who abuse children. When children get abused at such young age it tends to hurt and even hunt them for a long time as the child may end up becoming emotionally insecure and many others.

https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A628465200/AONE?u=lehman_main&sid=AONE&xid=46873b11

The second scholarly article I will like to write about is “Racism: An Elite asset” This article speaks of how blacks used to be forced into slavery during the past and so many inhuman stuff. Racism did not begin today as it had began lots of centuries ago and it still is going on. Racism along with homophobia, sexism, and so many others must remain a threat; otherwise, the world might be lost. The article also speaks of how Former President, Barack Obama during his time fought so much and hard just to stop racism in the country. Recently and unarmed black man George Floyd was chocked to death by a police officer for no reason. This shows the extent of racism now as police: the ones who have vowed to protect us are the ones now killing the citizens due to racism.

https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A635666047/AONE?u=lehman_main&sid=AONE&xid=e6333f75

Lastly the final scholarly article I will touch on is “Creating Antiracist spaces where black students can breathe and thrive”. This article talks about how two deadly virus currently namely COVID and racism are killing black students and people today. Black people are killed for no reason just because people feel threatened by their color when they are around which is bad. Black people nowadays instead of thinking how they will will go about their day the next day now live in fear of their lives instead just because they are scared they might be killed the next day which is not supposed to be the case. We are supposed to live together and not divided just because of color.

https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A639969209/AONE?u=lehman_main&sid=AONE&xid=df7d85e2

The film I will analyze in my analytical research paper is Freedom Writers. 

Thesis: One’s background and upbringing does not determine one’s life. With the correct attention and dedication, one can learn the importance of giving students an equal chance at life and from the knowledge developed by the students they can mature and expand life skills. 

Source 1: “Education Changes Lives – Grace’s Story” https://www.continuum.uw.edu/story/student-impact/grace-ingram

One of the three sources I’ll be using in my research paper is a story on a college profile about Grace who is a family support specialist who describes her story to help benefit and inspire others to be and do better. Throughout her story, she explains how she was raised in poverty and her struggles and how it conflicted her education. Though she dropped out of school and got married at a really young age, the desire to want an education never left from within her. Years later she returned for a degree and made it. This is relevant to my paper because it touches on the topic I will be analyzing in my paper. Essentially, when students are granted an opportunity to progress and learn despite their differences, it allows everyone to grow in life. The article conveys how a good education can turn one’s life around similar to the students from Freedom Writers.  

Source 2: “Equitable Education for Students in Poverty Starts with the Teacher”

https://www.gettingsmart.com/2016/08/equitable-education-for-students-in-poverty-starts-with-the-teacher/

This is another important article that supports my thesis and shows why students with harsh uprisings need teachers who will make a difference in their lives, education wise especially. For example, in the article Emily Liebtag explains how students who come from poverty tend to need extra support and guidance in school because they find themselves engaged in gangs and the streets due to stress and worries. Those teachers who realize and acknowledge that each student has a different background which means each student needs a different type of focus/attention in school will allow the students to actually be determined to learn and want to make a change. Being that students spend lots of time with teachers, teachers along as parents play a significant role on how students turn out in the future. There are also different strategies for the classroom environment to help a student engage which also helps students become more interested in learning. 

Source 3: Education: Making a difference one student at a time. | David Rock | TEDxUM

This last source is quite different from the other two because it is not an article, rather it is a ted talk. Throughout the ted talk David Rock explains the importance of perception of teaching and learning. He also brought up a really good point from Socrates, “Education is the kindling of a flame, not a filling of a vessel”. Socrates alone is a good way to analyze and break down the education system. His analogy of the man in the cave conveys how education is manipulated and sometimes misled. This ted talk is extremely significant to the research paper because he emphasizes a lot the importance of teachers changing their ways of teaching to help students learn. Oftentimes, teachers blame students for learning but Rock explains that sometimes it may be the teachers and their style of teaching. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qrzxXpAjiTk 

For my analytical essay I will be focusing on the Netflix show “Grand Army” and the issues with performative activism and the consequences of it in a heightened racial culture. In the Netflix original, “Grand Army”, performative allyship and real activism are represented in two protagonists, Joey and Dom, as audiences dive into a sea of internalized racism and sexism. In my essay, I hope to use the context of BLM and ALM to differentiate the difference between these two characters and their intentions behind their actions. Intention clues us into the true meaning of a person’s beliefs. For example, the performative allyship Joey represents is only used for issues that she can gain attention from and ultimately benefit her for “being a part of the moment” compared to when Dom doesn’t seek validation of her actions when she speaks on problems that affect her everyday life. Dom’s actions are authentic and don’t always give her the response she wanted because she is fighting for something bigger than herself. I initially watched this show out of pure interest. I heard that it was supposed to be a cross between Degrassi and Euphoria, similar shows that use teenagers in high school to display social issues, but compared to those shows Grand Army is racially focused and reflects how racial tensions and confusions are translated into a high school environment. 

I came up with the thesis by referencing Tik Toks made by young adults in reaction. One girl was giving her opinion on the show on how Joey was her least favorite character because people were distracted by her actions and opinions to not realize that they were all ingenuine. This analysis made me reflect on how I viewed Joey in the show and if her actions truly deserved any praise. Most people who view her character see her as attractive, powerful, and outspoken at first glance. However, it can be easy to ignore the smaller microaggressions by disguising them with “activism”and it is important to teach viewers how to remove the illusion Joey presents. Dom acts as an opposition because her character is inherently selfless. Her every action is done with the idea of someone benefiting in the long run including her family, friends, and community. She is the image of a “strong black woman”. I plan to explore my statement by rewatching scenes of both Joey and Dom and how they respond to social issues and tying into their character.

The purpose of this paper was to review research on the role of appearance in children’s developing gender identities. It introduces how there are many groups of people that adopt an identity and show others by the way they style their hair or the type of clothing they wear. When it comes to children, gender is the first thing they socially develop and understand. The paper transitions into cultural differences regarding gender identity. It compares children that come from different cultures such as Europe, Hong Kong, South Korea are more likely to show similarities in appearance rigidity. Although, many parents usually buy their children clothing that have to do with their appearance, male or female. This relates to my topic because there are many children out there that suffer with gender identity. They fear to tell their parents the way they actually feel. With this many children experience depression and pain because their parents do not understand.

Source

Halim, May Ling D., et al. “Gender Is What You Look like: Emerging Gender Identities in Young Children and Preoccupation with Appearance.” Self & Identity, vol. 17, no. 4, July 2018, pp. 455–466. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1080/15298868.2017.1412344.

This article draws attention to sexuality and culture. It is divided into three categories, each category explaining that there has been a significant increase of research on social and cultural sexuality. In the first section of the reading, it focused on the social construction of sexuality and how it has developed over the last three decades. The second section explains the study of sexual life and the way it emerged in sexual culture, sexual identities and sexual communities. Lastly, the third section covers the difference between culture and power. This article relates to my topic because there are many groups of people that experience a hard time revealing their sexuality and face discrimination because of it.

Source

Parker, Richard. “Sexuality, Culture and Society: Shifting Paradigms in Sexuality Research.” Culture, Health & Sexuality, vol. 11, no. 3, Apr. 2009, pp. 251–266. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1080/13691050701606941

This scholarly article clearly explains the way parents react to their children’s identity. It provides statistics to understandably prove that most parents react in a negative way. “In the American context, research indicates that as many as 52% of parents’ may initially react negatively to their child’s disclosure of same sex attractions.” This just shows that more than half of parents do not approve of their child having same sex attractions. These negative reactions have many consequences to their children from, depression, substance abuse and some extreme cases, suicide. On the other hand, the article describes the supportive and positive parent reactions. This leads to a low percentage of depression and suicide, but high percentages of social support and self-esteem. For my analytical research paper I hope to successfully cover this major issue because there are many children that experience this. They may tell their parents, but at the end of the day they do not receive the support and positivity they were looking for.

Source

Baiocco, Roberto, et al. “Negative Parental Responses to Coming Out and Family Functioning in a Sample of Lesbian and Gay Young Adults.” Journal of Child & Family Studies, vol. 24, no. 5, May 2015, pp. 1490–1500. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1007/s10826-014-9954-z.

Police Brutality And Racism In America 

By Stephan A. Schwartz 

Throughout this article, Schwartz talks about how police brutality and racism is a major problem in America. He states how people of color have been fighting for justice and civil rights since Martin Luther King Jr. died approximately 57 years. He expressed how he thought people of color were finally going to receive justice after the Voting Rights Act was passed in 1965. Although that was not the case considering police brutality and racism are increasing every year. Schwartz shows statistical facts and background information to show how people of color have a higher chance of being killed by police than white people do. Schwartz even includes the murder of George Floyd and Rodney King to prove how police brutality and racism is a problem in America. I chose this article because it highlights the key ideas I have stated in my thesis statement about police brutality and racism. This article proves how people of color, specifically black people are mistreated and murdered by police officers just because of their race. 

 “No, I Am Not Ok.” Thanks For Asking. 

  By Dr. Neala A. Lester

While reading this article, it’s obvious that Dr. Neala A. Lester is upset that people of color are getting murdered and prosecuted for crimes they did not commit. Throughout the article, she states how people of color are discriminated against by police and white people because of their race. Lester mentions George Floyd and how he was murdered by a police officer who is white and the justice system refused to convict Derek Chauvin until people started to protest. Lester continues to add on how he is not ok with the idea of African Americans or people of color being seen as a danger to society. For example, “the recent tsunami of ‘White People Calling the Police on Black People’ for just living.” [Lester]. I chose this article because it shows how racism and police brutality affects people of color tremendously. African Americans are tired of not receiving justice and being viewed as dangerous. They want change, hence why they are protesting Black Lives Matter. Police officers are supposed to protect citizens not murder them because they are black or brown and I believe this article showcases that we need to start fighting to end police brutality and racism in America. 

George Floyd death: Why US protests are so powerful this time

 By  Helier Cheung

This article demonstrates how people want change and end police brutality and racism towards African Americans or people of color. Cheung states how George Floyd’s death angered people of all colors including caucasian people. They were fed up with seeing someone innocent getting murdered by a police officer who is supposed to protect citizens. People seeing a video of a police officer putting their knee on a black man who wasn’t even armed made them sick to their stomach. Cheung stated, George Floyd’s death was the last straw and people wanted justice and end police brutality. I chose this article to use in my research paper because it demonstrates how police officers should not be allowed to get away with murdering innocent people just because they are not white or caucasian. People should feel safe and protected despite their race, not fear getting murdered and I believe this article can help support my thesis statement. 

                                       Cited work

1. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52969905; George Floyd death: Why US protests are so powerful this time

1. https://www.tolerance.org/magazine/no-i-am-not-ok-thanks-for-asking  “No, I Am Not Ok.” Thanks For Asking. 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7331505/ Police Brutality and Racism In America.

Source 1: “Evaluation of suspected Child physical abuse” by Nancy D. Kellogg

The article basically gather data from pediatricians that had patients who were abused by their parents. The data gave whether the child was abuse by their parents and caregivers and what kind of effect it has on the child. In addition, the a handful of pediatricians were taught what child abuse looks like when examining the patients and depending on the examination, they can decide if the child have been abuse or not. If they were abuse, then they would be allow to call child protective services and emergency department. This would result in an investigation of the parents past, the home, the people around the child to see if the abuse is deemed true or false. This article relates to my topic because their are people who may have witness child abuse but can’t tell if it’s actually child abuse or the parent discipline their child, so to avoid trouble/misunderstandings, people tend to ignore it. However, if doctors learn how their examining the patients body and/or mind, they may see if the child is being abuse or not. This way, doctors can find ways to prevent the child being abuse again and to prevent childhood trauma for the children.

Kellogg, Neglect. “Evaluation of Suspected Child Physical Abuse.” Pediatrics, vol. 119, no. 6, American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), June 2007, pp. 1232–41, doi:10.1542/peds.2007-0883.

https://go-gale-com.lehman.ezproxy.cuny.edu/ps/i.do?p=AONE&u=lehman_main&id=GALE|A164718728&v=2.1&it=r

Source 2: “Social Disadvantage, Serve Child Abuse, and Biological Profiles in Adulthood” by Chioun Lee, Christopher L. Coe, Carol D.Ryff

The article is about how experiencing abuse at a young age affects stress levels, social status, and health issues. Studies show that abuse lead to a negative impact when growing up. For stress levels, children experience abuse would have their stress levels higher than other kids which would end up resulting in negative results. With negative results, would mean that when children grow up to become teens, they would be more expose to negative relate events which would not only increase stress levels but also to health issues. For social status, because of how they look or how they are living (poor living conditions) children are more in danger being abuse by their parents because parents maybe want to release all their anger onto something and the closest thing to hit would be their children. For health, abuse would lead to children being expose to more diseases and/or issues. This relates to my topic because experiencing abuse would cause more issues than they already are. In other words, when someone finds out that a child has been abuse by its parent, then the parent would have to face addition problems than they already have. By abusing the child it adds more fuel to the fire which are parents issues and in addition, it would bring issues for the child that could lead to health problems, social issues, trauma and etc.

Lee, Coe. “Social Disadvantage, Severe Child Abuse, and Biological Profiles in Adulthood.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior, vol. 58, no. 3, SAGE Publications, Jan. 2017, pp. 371–86, doi:10.1177/0022146516685370.

https://journals-sagepub-com.lehman.ezproxy.cuny.edu/doi/full/10.1177/0022146516685370

Source 3: “Associations between childhood abuse and interpersonal aggression and suicide attempt among U.S. adults in a national study” by Thomas C. Harford, Hsiao-ye Yi, and Bridget F. Grant

This article is about how abuse would affect adults behavior in the future. When children face abuse in the future, depending on the abuse would bring a negative impact to their future. When facing sexual and emotional abuse as a child, they would attempt suicide in the future from holding in all the abuse and experience trauma from remember the abuse. This would result in the adult/teen wanting to be free from the torture by killing themselves. For physical abuse, the child’s behavior starts to change. As the child grow into a teen to an adult, they start to act more like a delinquent which would result doing something that would negatively impact society. This article relates to my topic because one of reasons why adults behavior is different than others is because they experience abuse at a young age which cause them to act the same way that their parents did to them.

Harford, Yi. “Associations Between Childhood Abuse and Interpersonal Aggression and Suicide Attempt Among U.S. Adults in a National Study.” Child Abuse & Neglect, vol. 38, no. 8, Elsevier BV, Aug. 2014, pp. 1389–98, doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.02.011.

https://www-sciencedirect-com.lehman.ezproxy.cuny.edu/science/article/pii/S0145213414000659