Source 1: “Evaluation of suspected Child physical abuse” by Nancy D. Kellogg

The article basically gather data from pediatricians that had patients who were abused by their parents. The data gave whether the child was abuse by their parents and caregivers and what kind of effect it has on the child. In addition, the a handful of pediatricians were taught what child abuse looks like when examining the patients and depending on the examination, they can decide if the child have been abuse or not. If they were abuse, then they would be allow to call child protective services and emergency department. This would result in an investigation of the parents past, the home, the people around the child to see if the abuse is deemed true or false. This article relates to my topic because their are people who may have witness child abuse but can’t tell if it’s actually child abuse or the parent discipline their child, so to avoid trouble/misunderstandings, people tend to ignore it. However, if doctors learn how their examining the patients body and/or mind, they may see if the child is being abuse or not. This way, doctors can find ways to prevent the child being abuse again and to prevent childhood trauma for the children.

Kellogg, Neglect. “Evaluation of Suspected Child Physical Abuse.” Pediatrics, vol. 119, no. 6, American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), June 2007, pp. 1232–41, doi:10.1542/peds.2007-0883.

https://go-gale-com.lehman.ezproxy.cuny.edu/ps/i.do?p=AONE&u=lehman_main&id=GALE|A164718728&v=2.1&it=r

Source 2: “Social Disadvantage, Serve Child Abuse, and Biological Profiles in Adulthood” by Chioun Lee, Christopher L. Coe, Carol D.Ryff

The article is about how experiencing abuse at a young age affects stress levels, social status, and health issues. Studies show that abuse lead to a negative impact when growing up. For stress levels, children experience abuse would have their stress levels higher than other kids which would end up resulting in negative results. With negative results, would mean that when children grow up to become teens, they would be more expose to negative relate events which would not only increase stress levels but also to health issues. For social status, because of how they look or how they are living (poor living conditions) children are more in danger being abuse by their parents because parents maybe want to release all their anger onto something and the closest thing to hit would be their children. For health, abuse would lead to children being expose to more diseases and/or issues. This relates to my topic because experiencing abuse would cause more issues than they already are. In other words, when someone finds out that a child has been abuse by its parent, then the parent would have to face addition problems than they already have. By abusing the child it adds more fuel to the fire which are parents issues and in addition, it would bring issues for the child that could lead to health problems, social issues, trauma and etc.

Lee, Coe. “Social Disadvantage, Severe Child Abuse, and Biological Profiles in Adulthood.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior, vol. 58, no. 3, SAGE Publications, Jan. 2017, pp. 371–86, doi:10.1177/0022146516685370.

https://journals-sagepub-com.lehman.ezproxy.cuny.edu/doi/full/10.1177/0022146516685370

Source 3: “Associations between childhood abuse and interpersonal aggression and suicide attempt among U.S. adults in a national study” by Thomas C. Harford, Hsiao-ye Yi, and Bridget F. Grant

This article is about how abuse would affect adults behavior in the future. When children face abuse in the future, depending on the abuse would bring a negative impact to their future. When facing sexual and emotional abuse as a child, they would attempt suicide in the future from holding in all the abuse and experience trauma from remember the abuse. This would result in the adult/teen wanting to be free from the torture by killing themselves. For physical abuse, the child’s behavior starts to change. As the child grow into a teen to an adult, they start to act more like a delinquent which would result doing something that would negatively impact society. This article relates to my topic because one of reasons why adults behavior is different than others is because they experience abuse at a young age which cause them to act the same way that their parents did to them.

Harford, Yi. “Associations Between Childhood Abuse and Interpersonal Aggression and Suicide Attempt Among U.S. Adults in a National Study.” Child Abuse & Neglect, vol. 38, no. 8, Elsevier BV, Aug. 2014, pp. 1389–98, doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.02.011.

https://www-sciencedirect-com.lehman.ezproxy.cuny.edu/science/article/pii/S0145213414000659

The text that I chose is the MCU movie “Avengers Infinity War”. Thesis Statement: Children at a young age experience abuse from their parents, but are able to act normal society despite their mental health and possible trauma in the future.

The reason being that I pick this movie was because Gamora had experience abuse from her father Thanos where he would control Gamora’s life and train her into something that she didn’t want to become. The flashback shows Thanos killing half of the people in Gamora’s home planet and then abducting her to train her into an assassin. However, this training would be useful to her when the day comes when she would kill Thanos. Then Gamora had an illusion where she killed Thanos which she soon to realize that it was not reality. As soon as she realizes it, she started to break down letting her emotions get the best of her indicating how much suffering she had by Thanos abusing her and their relationship was not of parent and child. This would result in Thanos sacrificing Gamora for the soul stone for his gains. Then Thanos realize how much love he had for Gamora that he didn’t realize how much abuse he did towards her. So the point I want to accomplish is for parents to realize that they are actually abusing their child in some kind of form. The main points that I want to address is that how their abuse may have affect their mental health, trauma, comparing help and abuse and etc. The thing that desire me to further my research is probably the way how my parents treat me to how they think they are helping me by doing this one thing but in some kind of way it’s really not helping me. So I want to see what’s the things that parents think that may show a form of abuse. The way that I came up with my statement is that some children face some kind of abuse at a young age and some won’t talk about their problems because it may bring complications at home. In addition, people who don’t know the child well will see that they are putting up a face to show that they aren’t suffering unlike those who are close to that person to know what they really feel.

Nguyen says “I would like to make a board accurate statement about immigrants children in schools. I would like to speak for them(us). I hesitate; I cannot.” What she was trying is that she wants to make a accurate statement about immigrants children in school because other people have different perspective of immigrants children. In other words, the way that people treats immigrants is different to how people treats the white. So she wants to give a statement to tell people more specific to teachers at this timeline that we should treat the immigrants children with a little more respect or not to discriminate them just because of race. The reason being is because white people doesn’t know what the immigrants had to go through in order to get where they are now. For example, “If it was my turn to read out loud during reading circle, she’d interrupt me to snap, ‘You’re reading to fast’ or demand, ‘What does that word mean?’ Things she did not do to other students.”(Nguyen, Paragraph 8) This means that Nguyen’s teacher Mrs. Alexander did not show respect to Nguyen and a hint of discrimination because she treated Nguyen differently compare to other students. She would get mad if Nguyen was reading to too fast and demand her what that word mean, showing that she shows no respect to Nguyen based on her Vietnamese background. The reason being that Nguyen was hesitate to not speak out her statement was probably because of her personality. Nguyen personality was a shy and quiet person and she probably have kept her personality for awhile with some minor changes as she grew up. For example, “For, in addition to my excellent marks, I was nearly silent, deadly shy, and wholly obedient.”(Nguyen, Paragraph 8). This means that because she was quiet and shy person, she became hesitate to make a statement. Another possible reason is that she believe that students can change what’s best for them and seeing that change may cause others to do the same thing.

The problems that President Abraham Lincoln thinks that the United States must solve is the people who fought during the civil war to assist those that want freedom. In other words, Lincoln wants the people to know that those who fought in the civil war fought to make slaves free and to live out their lives as citizens of the United States. Then the government would come to help these slaves become citizens of the United States and to preserve their freedom for lives to come and preserve our main ideals of freedom. In other terms, the colonist created this country to be free and fought to be free. So the slaves who were born in America should share the same ideals as Americans of having freedom to live the way that they want live. According to “The Gettysburg Address” it states “…shall have a new birth of freedom-and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.” This means that Lincoln wants the government who are people, chosen by the people to help protect the new born freedom that we obtain and not to let it go. The problem that President John F. Kennedy thinks that the United States should solve is go through sufferings in order to gain freedom. In other words, Kennedy want the nation to know that we are going to preserve our freedom and we would go through any hardships that may come our way to preserve our freedom. According to “Inaugural Address” it states “Let every nation know, whether is wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and success of liberty.” In other words, what Kennedy is address we should show nations whether they support us or not, we would go through many hardships and negative times to preserve our freedom and see it grow as time goes on. In comparison, both presidents wanted the nation to preserve the freedom that had been create for many decades. In both address, I feel like the United States has solved the problems in a certain extent. In Lincoln’s address, he wanted freedom for the people and that the government should preserve it. The slaves did receive freedom but ended up with a new problem which was segregation. The government did preserve the slaves freedom, but they also work their way the amendments and laws to make the African American community separated from the whites. In Kennedy’s address, he wanted nations to see that we can suffer from anything that may throw at us to protect our freedom. So I believe the problem that Kennedy address was solved by the United States.

Malcolm X describe his life in prison as a place where he is truly free. Many question his thoughts about prison because the general idea of prison is imprisonment the opposite of freedom. However, he describes it as a location where he can truly learn. In other words, Malcolm use his imprisonment as a way for him to study better. He was able learn more of literature then he has ever been before. He read books, wrote down words that he didn’t know and then study them to get a general idea of what these words might mean. This has brought to a question of what’s the relationship between literature and freedom? The answer to the question is that literature is a thing where people can bring out their inner-self or realize their inner-self or even learning about the current situation where you can see many possibilities that would show in the future. According to the text it states “I have often reflected upon the new vistas that reading opened to me. I knew right there in prison that reading had changed forever the course of my life. As I see it today, the ability to read awoke inside me some long dormant craving to be mentally alive.” This means that since Malcolm was able to read in prison, his thoughts have come alive where he is able to make decisions by himself without others telling him what to do. This shows freedom because since he was able to read and write, he’s able to make decisions for himself by critically thinking of what to do in certain situations leading into a positive outcome and a sign of relief. As a result, literature and freedom are describe as a way learning the situation, critically think the best outcome that leads to peace of mind.

The role that Amy Tan played in her life was being a translator from broken English to perfect English. To be specific, Amy’s mother spoke broken English and not a lot of people understood her. However, for Amy she listen to her mother’s broken English and translate them to perfect English for others to understand the situation. For example “So you’ll have some idea of what this family  talk I heard sounds like, I’ll quote what my mother said during a recent conversation which I videotaped and then transcribed.” This means that Amy videotaped her mothers broken English which she later than translated it to perfect English for her readers to understand what her mother was actually saying. As a result, mindset that she had for the past twenty years of her life was broken English to be able to understand her mother which she then change that mindset to perfect English to tell others what her mother actually words were.

She was able to become aware of her English when she was with her mother and husband. She started to become aware of it because her mindset was the same as them but different with others. In other words, when she’s with family, she is starts to talk in broken English without even realizing it, because all this time her mindset were more focus on perfect English in order for others to understand her thoughts. For example “My husband was with us as well, and he didn’t notice any switch in my English. And then I realized why. It’s because over the twenty years we’ve been together I’ve often used the same kind of English with him, and sometimes he even uses it with me. It has become our language of intimacy, a different sort of English that relates to family talk, the language I grew up with.” This means that when it comes to family, her mindset is change to broken English and they don’t realize the change in her language because she is speaking like how she normally speaks in the past to present. However, when it comes to other people, her mindset changes to perfect English because they are not family so she has to change that mindset to be able to speak properly when speaking to others. As a result, when she was aware of her language changes, she wanted to write something that would relate to her and not to others where it’s easier for insiders but difficult for the outsiders to let them know that there are others that may have broken English and that’s another thing to study on if we want to help others.

I think those whose English are their second language or raised in non-English household are not aware of how their language are being used because this case is heavily similar to me. Since I was raised in a Chinese hold, I am unaware of how my accent affects my English speaking and if others are able to understand it. In my case I don’t hear how my Chinese accent affect my English, however, I have my friends and peers telling me that whenever I talk, I have the accent whenever speaking and I don’t believe it. So now, I am questioning in what ways does my accent affect how I speak? In addition, I have my parents talk in broken English where sometimes I understand them and sometimes I don’t. There were times when my mindset changes to have broken English were I can understand my parents, but hard for my friends to understand.Then there are times when I my mindset change to perfect English where my friends were able to understand me but when it comes to my parents it’s hard to understand them and it’s hard for them to understand me. This impact me I would also be the translator similarly to Amy Tan, where I had to translate my parents broken English to perfect English and vise versa. There are times when I am unaware of my English talk and their are times I am. Sometimes, when my friends don’t understand what I am saying, that’s when I am unaware of what I am saying. On other hand, whenever I am writing something my mindset change to be able to change that writing into perfect English since I read what I have just wrote and become aware that my grammar is not right. In other words, when I speak I am unaware of my English but when I write, I become aware of my English.

Hi my name is Calvin Chao (he/him) and what I intend to major in is something in business like finance or accounting.

The thing that I am excited about is to read and write about social, political, economic, and cultural issues that have been problems for many years where it affect others in a negative way and see how these issues started. The thing that I am nervous about is listening and identifying the main argument of a text because sometimes when I think of two arguments that can highly relate to the text, I end up choosing the wrong one instead of the right one or when my idea of an argument is actually not the main argument of the text. Another thing that I am nervous about is the essay writing because whenever it comes to explaining the evidence, I can’t figure out how to explain it well that would prove my argument to be true. The good qualities of good writing is to hook the reader into the text that leads to your argument. In order to support the argument it needs to have evidence. Then you have to explain why your evidence helps prove your point. The thing that writers have to do to make their writing good is make sure that they have a powerful argument which is supported by strong evidence. It is important to write well because writing is a way were people can express their imagination into ideas into a creation of something. Writing is a way for others to know what type of person you are. I think the easiest part of writing for me is explaining my argument to make my readers see it in a way how I and others see it as. The thing that I think is the hardest part of writing is explaining the evidence because you have to explain what the evidence means and how that strengthens your argument. The genre that I expect to do for my intended career is argumentative and formal writing . By being an effective writer would impact greatly on my career opportunities because if their are problems I can show a powerful argument that follows by evidence that helps prove my argument and then explaining how they are wrong. In addition, by being efficient on formal writing, I can show how I can inform others about this choice that would hook readers into making a right decision.